{"id":5721,"date":"2025-09-27T17:09:54","date_gmt":"2025-09-27T17:09:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/?post_type=infotheek&#038;p=5721"},"modified":"2026-10-05T05:20:25","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T05:20:25","slug":"what-is-complex-ptsd","status":"publish","type":"infotheek","link":"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/infotheek\/wat-is-complexe-ptss\/","title":{"rendered":"What is C-PTSD (complex PTSD)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5721\" class=\"elementor elementor-5721\" data-elementor-post-type=\"infotheek\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43009f9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"43009f9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f42efe5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f42efe5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92973a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"92973a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Complex PTSD is the result of complex trauma.<\/h2><p>When <a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/what-is-complex-trauma\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">complex trauma<\/a> even in childhood, it is also referred to as developmental trauma or early childhood trauma. If, as a child who is still in full development, you are already exposed to traumatic experiences, this can have major consequences for the development of, among other things, your brain, personality, and emotional, cognitive, and social skills.<\/p><p>These consequences can lead to complex and persistent problems that have a major impact on your health and daily life. Hence the term \u2018complex\u2019 PTSD.<\/p><h2>The origin of the term \u2018complex PTSD\u2019<\/h2><p>In 1980 <a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/what-is-ptsd\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PTSD<\/a> officially recognized as a mental disorder and included in the <em>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders<\/em> (DSM). In the 1990s, various researchers and mental health professionals subsequently noted that people who had been exposed to prolonged traumatic experiences exhibited specific symptoms that were not fully covered by the diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Furthermore, these individuals did not respond, or responded less well, to standard PTSD treatments.<\/p><p>They then proposed the term \u2018complex PTSD\u2019 or CPTSS to acknowledge the complex impact of repeated and prolonged traumatization and the need for more specific treatment for it.<\/p><p>Despite frequent requests from researchers and relief workers, complex PTSD has not yet been included in the DSM as a separate disorder. Nevertheless, it is recognized in some guidelines, studies, and by relief workers as a useful classification that reflects the complexity of long-term traumatization.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-552239a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"552239a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\" href=\"https:\/\/academy.traumanet.nl\/trauma-en-dissociatie-hoe-je-brein-je-beschermt\/\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b30c3a0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b30c3a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-adc9540 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"adc9540\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa5060f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa5060f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Webinar: 2 november 2026, 19:00 uur<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-418bd8c e-transform elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"418bd8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_translateX_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:15,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:-15,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-video\" viewbox=\"0 0 576 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M336.2 64H47.8C21.4 64 0 85.4 0 111.8v288.4C0 426.6 21.4 448 47.8 448h288.4c26.4 0 47.8-21.4 47.8-47.8V111.8c0-26.4-21.4-47.8-47.8-47.8zm189.4 37.7L416 177.3v157.4l109.6 75.5c21.2 14.6 50.4-.3 50.4-25.8V127.5c0-25.4-29.1-40.4-50.4-25.8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c15d0a1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c15d0a1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6dee7f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a6dee7f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea47be4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ea47be4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trauma en dissociatie: hoe je brein je beschermt<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b615dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1b615dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>In conversation with Tamar van Raalten<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5592fa0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5592fa0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a75902 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1a75902\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"775\" src=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/tamar-van-raalten-scaled-1-1024x992.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-12105\" alt=\"tamar van raalten\" srcset=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/tamar-van-raalten-scaled-1-1024x992.png 1024w, https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/tamar-van-raalten-scaled-1-300x291.png 300w, https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/tamar-van-raalten-scaled-1-768x744.png 768w, https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/tamar-van-raalten-scaled-1-1536x1487.png 1536w, https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/tamar-van-raalten-scaled-1-2048x1983.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dec5d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8dec5d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Causes of complex PTSD<\/h2><p>Unlike \u2018classic\u2019 PTSD, which can develop after experiencing a single traumatic event, C-PTSD is usually caused by prolonged and repeated exposure to traumatic experiences. This is also known as complex trauma. This exposure often begins in childhood.<\/p><p>For example, it can involve experiencing long-term abuse, sexual abuse, severe neglect, or growing up in chronically stressful and unsafe conditions. In many cases, it involves an accumulation of various traumatic experiences.\u00a0<\/p><h2>Risk factors for developing CPTSD<\/h2><ul><li>Lack of social support<\/li><li>Insecure attachment<\/li><li>Being dependent on the person who abuses and\/or neglects you<\/li><li>Inability to flee or defend oneself<\/li><li>Early exposure to traumatic experiences<\/li><li>Chronically unsafe and\/or stressful circumstances: such as living in poverty, facing discrimination, or being bullied<\/li><\/ul><h2>Symptoms of complex PTSD<\/h2><p>The complex thing about complex PTSD is primarily the consequences of the traumatic experiences. This impact can be very complex, in the sense of: persistent, profound, and all-encompassing. If you have been repeatedly and prolonged exposed to traumatic experiences, often as early as childhood, you can develop a wide range of emotional, cognitive, and physical complaints.\u00a0<\/p><p>Next to the <a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/ptsd-symptoms\/\">PTSD symptoms<\/a> In addition to \u2018classic\u2019 PTSD, such as flashbacks, avoidance, and hyperarousal, with complex PTSD you may also experience:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Emotion regulation problems<\/strong>Mood swings and difficulty regulating emotions are common. As a result, you can quickly become angry, sad, or anxious, and feel overwhelmed by emotions. Expressing emotions can also be very difficult.<\/li><li><strong>Negative self-image and low self-confidence:<\/strong> You find it difficult to appreciate yourself, to stand up for yourself, and\/or to take care of yourself. You may also hold negative beliefs about yourself and have low self-confidence.<\/li><li><strong>Difficulty trusting others:<\/strong> In addition to a lack of self-confidence, it is often also very difficult to trust others. Building and maintaining social contacts can therefore be very challenging. Asking for help can also be difficult; you might not dare to trust that someone has good intentions.<\/li><li><p><b>Dissociative symptoms (dissociation): <\/b>in stressful situations or when you are triggered by something, you can <a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/what-is-dissociation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dissociate<\/a>. Things inside you and around you are then perceived less or not consciously at all.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Physical complaints:\u00a0<\/strong>due to prolonged stress, in the past but perhaps also in the present, you can experience various physical symptoms. Including: headache, gastrointestinal complaints, fatigue, muscle and joint problems, pain symptoms. See also information about <a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/trauma-and-the-body\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">trauma and the body<\/a>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2>Treatment of complex PTSD<\/h2><p>Standard PTSD treatment is often not sufficient for CPTSS, and sometimes entirely ineffective. Because people with complex PTSD, in addition to<a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/ptsd-symptoms\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> PTSD symptoms<\/a> also experience problems with, among other things, self-regulation, (self-)confidence, social relationships, and dissociative symptoms, a holistic treatment is needed that takes all these aspects into account.\u00a0<\/p><p>Of <a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/complex-ptsd-treatment\/\">treatment of complex PTSD<\/a> is often a long-term and intensive process. Different forms of <a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/what-is-trauma-therapy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">trauma therapy<\/a> can be valuable for reducing symptoms. And for better coping with the consequences of long-term trauma. Including the following:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/brief-eclectic-psychotherapy-for-ptsd-bepp\/\">Brief Eclectic Psychotherapy for PTSD (BEPP)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/narrative-exposure-therapy-net\/\">Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/neuroaffective-relational-model-narm\/\">NeuroAffective Relational Model (NARM)<\/a><\/li><li>A body-oriented trauma treatment, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/somatic-experiencing\/\">Somatic Experiencing<\/a> of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/sensorimotor-psychotherapy-2\/\">Sensorimotor Psychotherapy<\/a> can be valuable.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ab088a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6ab088a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\" href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/bibliotheek\/complexe-ptss\/\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4508a11 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4508a11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a28804 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0a28804\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c646f71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c646f71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Reading tip<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-086c578 e-transform elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"086c578\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_translateX_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:15,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:-15,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-book\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M448 360V24c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H96C43 0 0 43 0 96v320c0 53 43 96 96 96h328c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24v-16c0-7.5-3.5-14.3-8.9-18.7-4.2-15.4-4.2-59.3 0-74.7 5.4-4.3 8.9-11.1 8.9-18.6zM128 134c0-3.3 2.7-6 6-6h212c3.3 0 6 2.7 6 6v20c0 3.3-2.7 6-6 6H134c-3.3 0-6-2.7-6-6v-20zm0 64c0-3.3 2.7-6 6-6h212c3.3 0 6 2.7 6 6v20c0 3.3-2.7 6-6 6H134c-3.3 0-6-2.7-6-6v-20zm253.4 250H96c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32 0-17.6 14.4-32 32-32h285.4c-1.9 17.1-1.9 46.9 0 64z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4406d91 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4406d91\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a74c85d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a74c85d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38ac5db elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"38ac5db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Complex PTSD - Pete Walker<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bccc264 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bccc264\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>A practical guide to overcoming childhood trauma<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-504507a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"504507a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53cd977 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"53cd977\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"673\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Complexe-PTSS-673x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3505\" alt=\"Complex PTSD\" srcset=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Complexe-PTSS-673x1024.jpg 673w, https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Complexe-PTSS-197x300.jpg 197w, https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Complexe-PTSS-768x1168.jpg 768w, https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Complexe-PTSS.jpg 789w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 673px) 100vw, 673px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-889c7d0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"889c7d0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-990553a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"990553a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b7cfb3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8b7cfb3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a656af e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6a656af\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93aa4ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"93aa4ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>More about this topic\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc2f804 e-transform elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"dc2f804\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/complex-ptsd-treatment\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Complex PTSD treatment<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/what-is-complex-trauma\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg 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data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d245c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8d245c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f52c66 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"6f52c66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a 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9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">What is PTSD?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/en\/ptsd\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">All articles about PTSD<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccf8b15 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ccf8b15\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Complex PTSD, abbreviated as C-PTSD, is a psychological disorder that develops as a result of repeated and prolonged traumatic experiences. In addition to the \u2018classic\u2019 PTSD symptoms, people with C-PTSD also experience problems with emotion regulation, relationships, self-image and self-confidence, and dissociation.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5725,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0},"doelgroep":[12,13],"thema":[51],"class_list":["post-5721","infotheek","type-infotheek","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","doelgroep-iemand-met-trauma","doelgroep-iemand-in-mijn-omgeving-heeft-trauma","thema-cptss"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.5 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Wat is CPTSS (complexe PTSS)? Oorzaken, symptomen en hulp<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Complexe PTSS (CPTSS) ontstaat na langdurige of herhaalde traumatische ervaringen. 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Causes, symptoms and help","description":"Complex PTSD (CPTSD) develops after prolonged or repeated traumatic experiences. Read what it is and what symptoms are associated with it.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/traumanet.nl\/en\/information\/what-is-complex-ptsd\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Wat is CPTSS (complexe PTSS)?","og_description":"Complexe PTSS (CPTSS) ontstaat na langdurige of herhaalde traumatische ervaringen. 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